原始起源

英语是一门逐渐发展演变的语言，早在远古时期，英语的结构其实只有以下这两种，即简单句的原始结构。

主+谓+宾 主+系+表

主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。在原始的简单句中，主语可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词表示。例如：

During the 1990s, Americancountry musichas become more and more popular.(名词)

Weoften speak English in class.(代词)

One-thirdof the students in this class are girls.(数词)

The richshould help the poor.(名词化的形容词)

谓语(动词)：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下：

1.简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：He practicesrunning every morning.

2.复合谓语：(1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：You may keepthe book for two weeks. He has caughta bad cold. (2)由系动词加表语构成。如：We are students.

在英语中一个简单句只能有一个谓语动词(知道为什么吗)，而且，我们平时学习的时态是针对谓语动词来说。如果以do为例，do, did ,have done, will do, had done, is/am/are doing, was/were doing, would do。在简单句中，谓语动词和主语是句子的核心，是不可以随意删掉的。

宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如：

They went to see an exhibition(展览)yesterday.(名词)

The heavy rain prevented mefrom coming to school on time.(代词)

How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.(数词)

They helped the oldwith their housework yesterday.(名词化形容词)

表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词(如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等)之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词。

Our teacher of English is anAmerican.(名词)

Is it yours?(代词)

The weather has turned cold.(形容词)

The speech is exciting.(分词)

Three times seven is twenty one?(数词)