1、陈述句
说明事实或陈述说话人观点的句子。基本结构：主语+谓语+其他
1)肯定陈述句 We all like pandas very much.
2)否定陈述句 He doesn’t do housework at weekends
3)肯定陈述句改否定陈述句
①一般是在be动词或情态动词后加not。
Mary was at school yesterday. —> Mary was not at school yesterday.
I can make a model plane. —>I can not make a model plane.
②不含be动词或情态动词的，行为动词前要用助动词的否定式(don’t，doesn’t，didn’t)，后面跟动词的原形。
He likes drawing pictures.—>He doesn’t like drawing pictures.
I went to the park yesterday. —>I didn’t go to the park yesterday.
4)陈述句改一般疑问句
①有be动词或情态动词的，把be动词或情态动词提前。
Mary was at school yesterday. —> Was Mary at school yesterday?
I can make a model plane. —> Can you make a model plane?
②不含be动词或情态动词的句子，借助助动词开头，动词还原成原形。
He likes drawing pictures.—>Does he like drawing pictures.
I went to the park yesterday. —>Did you go to the park yesterday?
2、疑问句
用来提出问题，询问情况的句子，末尾用问号。
1)一般疑问句：一般疑问句常用来询问一件事是否属实，通常以be动词，助动词或情态动词开头，用yes或no来回答，因此又叫是非疑问句，通常读升调。
—Is Mr Green from the UK? —Yes，he is. / No，he isn’t.
—Do you have any hobbies? —Yes，I do. / No，I don’t.
—Can you play the guitar? —Yes，I can. / No，I can’t.
2)特殊疑问句：以特殊疑问词引导，要求回答具体问题，不能用yes或no来回答。—How do you go to work every day? —I go to work by car.
3)选择疑问句：提供两种或两种以上情况，让对方选择，往往用or连接。
—Would you like some tea or coffee? —Some coffee, please.
4)反意疑问句：反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。
—It’s a fine day, isn’t it? — Yes ,it is.
3、祈使句
表示请求或命令别人做某事或不做某事。
1)用于第二人称，通常省略you。
①肯定祈使句：Open the door, please.
②否定祈使句：Don’t be late again.
2)用于第一人称和第三人称，通常以let(let后跟宾格)或shall开头。
Let me have a look. Let’s play a game now. Let him go home now.
Shall we meet at one thirty in front of the Garden Theatre?
4、感叹句
表达喜怒哀乐等强烈感情，句尾常用感叹号(!)，语气用降调。
1)what + 名词或名词性短语
What a big garden (it is)!
What an interesting storybook (it is) !
What lovely weather (it is)!
What pretty girls (they are)!
2)how +形容词或副词+主语+动词
How nice!
How beautiful the flowers are!
How tall Yao Ming is!
5、there be 句型 表示在某地有某人或某物。
1)主语是单数，be动词用is(was);主语是复数，be动词用are(were)。
There is some milk in the fridge.
There are some peaches in the basket.
2)如果有几个不同的人或物并列存在，be动词根据最靠近的那个名词而定。
There isa ruler and five knives in the pencil case.
There arefive knives and a ruler in the pencil case.
3)there be句型和have/has区别：
there be句型表示某地有某人或某物;
have/has表示某人有某物。has用于第三人称单数，其余人称和数用have。
There are some English books on the desk.
I have some English books.